Impact of mass drug administration for elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Nepal
Identifieur interne : 000493 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000492; suivant : 000494Impact of mass drug administration for elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Nepal
Auteurs : Chet Raj Ojha [États-Unis] ; Basant Joshi [Népal] ; Khagendra Prakash Kc [Népal] ; Shyam Prakash Dumre [Japon] ; Keshav Kumar Yogi [Népal] ; Bandana Bhatta [Népal] ; Tulasi Adhikari [Népal] ; Kathryn Crowley [États-Unis] ; Babu Ram Marasini [Népal]Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Albendazole (administration et posologie), Diéthylcarbamazine (administration et posologie), Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Filaricides (administration et posologie), Filariose lymphatique (), Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux), Filariose lymphatique (transmission), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Mâle, Népal (épidémiologie), Recherche sur les services de santé, Résultat thérapeutique, Traitement médicamenteux (), Transmission de maladie infectieuse (), Utilisation médicament.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Albendazole, Diéthylcarbamazine, Filaricides.
- traitement médicamenteux : Filariose lymphatique.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Népal.
- Enfant, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique, Humains, Mâle, Recherche sur les services de santé, Résultat thérapeutique, Traitement médicamenteux, Transmission de maladie infectieuse, Utilisation médicament.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Albendazole (administration & dosage), Child, Diethylcarbamazine (administration & dosage), Disease Transmission, Infectious (prevention & control), Drug Therapy (methods), Drug Utilization, Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control), Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission), Female, Filaricides (administration & dosage), Health Services Research, Humans, Male, Nepal (epidemiology), Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Albendazole, Diethylcarbamazine, Filaricides.
- drug therapy : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial, Nepal.
- methods : Drug Therapy.
- prevention & control : Disease Transmission, Infectious, Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- transmission : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- Child, Drug Utilization, Female, Health Services Research, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Nepal has implemented a national effort to eliminate LF by 2020 through mass drug administration (MDA) using diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole (ALB). We assessed the impact of MDAs on LF in selected districts of Nepal after the recommended six MDA rounds had been completed.
Baseline surveys were conducted in seven districts and mapping data were used as baseline in the other three districts before starting MDA in 2009. LF antigen (Ag) prevalence ranged from 1.06% to 20% among districts included in the baseline and mapping study. The number of people who received DEC and ALB were recorded during each MDA round and population-based cluster surveys were conducted at least once in each district during the life of the program. The reported MDA coverage in five districts was consistently at least 65%. Two districts achieved the targeted coverage in four out of five rounds and the rest three districts achieved the target only in the first round. A pre-transmission assessment survey (pre-TAS) was conducted in one sentinel site and at least one spot check site in each of the districts after five MDA rounds. In pre-TAS, all the sites of five districts (Pyuthan, Arghakhanchi, Kaski, Bhaktapur, and Kathmandu) and all but one spot check site of Lalitpur district had LF Ag < 2% (ranging from 0.0% to 1.99%). Transmission assessment survey (TAS) was conducted in six evaluation units (EUs) consisting of six districts qualified on pre-TAS. Though MDA coverage of 65% was not achieved in three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur), Nepal government in consultation with World Health Organization (WHO) decided to conduct TAS. All six EUs achieved the LF Ag threshold required to stop MDA in TAS, despite the low reported MDA coverage in those three districts.
Although Nepal has achieved significant progress towards LF elimination, five rounds of MDA were not sufficient to disrupt the transmission cycle in all districts, probably because of high baseline prevalence.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005788
PubMed: 28723904
PubMed Central: 5536438
Affiliations:
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id="aff002"><addr-line>Leadership for Environment and Development Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Leadership for Environment and Development Nepal, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dumre, Shyam Prakash" sort="Dumre, Shyam Prakash" uniqKey="Dumre S" first="Shyam Prakash" last="Dumre">Shyam Prakash Dumre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagasaki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yogi, Keshav Kumar" sort="Yogi, Keshav Kumar" uniqKey="Yogi K" first="Keshav Kumar" last="Yogi">Keshav Kumar Yogi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>World Health Organization, Lalitpur, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Lalitpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lalitpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatta, Bandana" sort="Bhatta, Bandana" uniqKey="Bhatta B" first="Bandana" last="Bhatta">Bandana Bhatta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Save the Children International, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Save the Children International, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adhikari, Tulasi" sort="Adhikari, Tulasi" uniqKey="Adhikari T" first="Tulasi" last="Adhikari">Tulasi Adhikari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crowley, Kathryn" sort="Crowley, Kathryn" uniqKey="Crowley K" first="Kathryn" last="Crowley">Kathryn Crowley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>RTI International, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>RTI International, Washington, District of Columbia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>District of Columbia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marasini, Babu Ram" sort="Marasini, Babu Ram" uniqKey="Marasini B" first="Babu Ram" last="Marasini">Babu Ram Marasini</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1935-2727</idno><idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Albendazole (administration & dosage)</term><term>Child</term><term>Diethylcarbamazine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Disease Transmission, Infectious (prevention & control)</term><term>Drug Therapy (methods)</term><term>Drug Utilization</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission)</term><term>Female</term><term>Filaricides (administration & dosage)</term><term>Health Services Research</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Nepal (epidemiology)</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Albendazole (administration et posologie)</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine (administration et posologie)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filaricides (administration et posologie)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique ()</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (transmission)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Népal (épidémiologie)</term><term>Recherche sur les services de santé</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Traitement médicamenteux ()</term><term>Transmission de maladie infectieuse ()</term><term>Utilisation médicament</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Albendazole</term><term>Diethylcarbamazine</term><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Albendazole</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine</term><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Nepal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Therapy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Transmission, Infectious</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Népal</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Child</term><term>Drug Utilization</term><term>Female</term><term>Health Services Research</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Enfant</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Recherche sur les services de santé</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Traitement médicamenteux</term><term>Transmission de maladie infectieuse</term><term>Utilisation médicament</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Nepal has implemented a national effort to eliminate LF by 2020 through mass drug administration (MDA) using diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and albendazole (ALB). We assessed the impact of MDAs on LF in selected districts of Nepal after the recommended six MDA rounds had been completed.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methodology and principal findings</title><p>Baseline surveys were conducted in seven districts and mapping data were used as baseline in the other three districts before starting MDA in 2009. LF antigen (Ag) prevalence ranged from 1.06% to 20% among districts included in the baseline and mapping study. The number of people who received DEC and ALB were recorded during each MDA round and population-based cluster surveys were conducted at least once in each district during the life of the program. The reported MDA coverage in five districts was consistently at least 65%. Two districts achieved the targeted coverage in four out of five rounds and the rest three districts achieved the target only in the first round. A pre-transmission assessment survey (pre-TAS) was conducted in one sentinel site and at least one spot check site in each of the districts after five MDA rounds. In pre-TAS, all the sites of five districts (Pyuthan, Arghakhanchi, Kaski, Bhaktapur, and Kathmandu) and all but one spot check site of Lalitpur district had LF Ag < 2% (ranging from 0.0% to 1.99%). Transmission assessment survey (TAS) was conducted in six evaluation units (EUs) consisting of six districts qualified on pre-TAS. Though MDA coverage of 65% was not achieved in three districts (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur), Nepal government in consultation with World Health Organization (WHO) decided to conduct TAS. All six EUs achieved the LF Ag threshold required to stop MDA in TAS, despite the low reported MDA coverage in those three districts.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Conclusions</title><p>Although Nepal has achieved significant progress towards LF elimination, five rounds of MDA were not sufficient to disrupt the transmission cycle in all districts, probably because of high baseline prevalence.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nutman, Tb" uniqKey="Nutman T">TB Nutman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Storey, Dm" uniqKey="Storey D">DM Storey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adhikari, R" uniqKey="Adhikari R">R Adhikari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhusal, K" uniqKey="Bhusal K">K Bhusal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ottesen, 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sortKey="Stocks, Me" uniqKey="Stocks M">ME Stocks</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, Mc" uniqKey="Freeman M">MC Freeman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Addiss, Dg" uniqKey="Addiss D">DG Addiss</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Japon</li><li>Népal</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Floride</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Floride"><name sortKey="Ojha, Chet Raj" sort="Ojha, Chet Raj" uniqKey="Ojha C" first="Chet Raj" last="Ojha">Chet Raj Ojha</name></region><name sortKey="Crowley, Kathryn" sort="Crowley, Kathryn" uniqKey="Crowley K" first="Kathryn" last="Crowley">Kathryn Crowley</name></country><country name="Népal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Joshi, Basant" sort="Joshi, Basant" uniqKey="Joshi B" first="Basant" last="Joshi">Basant Joshi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Adhikari, Tulasi" sort="Adhikari, Tulasi" uniqKey="Adhikari T" first="Tulasi" last="Adhikari">Tulasi Adhikari</name><name sortKey="Bhatta, Bandana" sort="Bhatta, Bandana" uniqKey="Bhatta B" first="Bandana" last="Bhatta">Bandana Bhatta</name><name sortKey="Kc, Khagendra Prakash" sort="Kc, Khagendra Prakash" uniqKey="Kc K" first="Khagendra Prakash" last="Kc">Khagendra Prakash Kc</name><name sortKey="Marasini, Babu Ram" sort="Marasini, Babu Ram" uniqKey="Marasini B" first="Babu Ram" last="Marasini">Babu Ram Marasini</name><name sortKey="Yogi, Keshav Kumar" sort="Yogi, Keshav Kumar" uniqKey="Yogi K" first="Keshav Kumar" last="Yogi">Keshav Kumar Yogi</name></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dumre, Shyam Prakash" sort="Dumre, Shyam Prakash" uniqKey="Dumre S" first="Shyam Prakash" last="Dumre">Shyam Prakash Dumre</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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